DANGJINSHIJIEZHENGFASHENGFUZASHENKEDEBIANHUA,GUOJIJINRONGWEIJISHENCENGCIYINGXIANGJIXUXIANXIAN,SHIJIEJINGJIHUANMANFUSU、FAZHANFENHUA,GUOJITOUZIMAOYIGEJUHEDUOBIANTOUZIMAOYIGUIZEYUNNIANGSHENKEDIAOZHENG,GEGUOMIANLINDEFAZHANWENTIYIRANYANJUN。GONGJIAN“YIDAIYILU”SHUNYINGSHIJIEDUOJIHUA、JINGJIQUANQIUHUA、WENHUADUOYANGHUA、SHEHUIXINXIHUADECHAOLIU,BINGCHIKAIFANGDEQUYUHEZUOJINGSHEN,ZHILIYUWEIHUQUANQIUZIYOUMAOYITIXIHEKAIFANGXINGSHIJIEJINGJI。GONGJIAN“YIDAIYILU”ZHIZAICUJINJINGJIYAOSUYOUXUZIYOULIUDONG、ZIYUANGAOXIAOPEIZHIHESHICHANGSHENDURONGHE,TUIDONGYANXIANGEGUOSHIXIANJINGJIZHENGCEXIEDIAO,KAIZHANGENGDAFANWEI、GENGGAOSHUIPING、GENGSHENCENGCIDEQUYUHEZUO,GONGTONGDAZAOKAIFANG、BAORONG、JUNHENG、PUHUIDEQUYUJINGJIHEZUOJIAGOU。GONGJIAN“YIDAIYILU”FUHEGUOJISHEHUIDEGENBENLIYI,ZHANGXIANRENLEISHEHUIGONGTONGLIXIANGHEMEIHAOZHUIQIU,SHIGUOJIHEZUOYIJIQUANQIUZHILIXINMOSHIDEJIJITANSUO,JIANGWEISHIJIEHEPINGFAZHANZENGTIANXINDEZHENGNENGLIANG。
供给侧改革对建筑业的影响
“GONGJICEGAIGE”YIJINGCHENGWEISHIXIAZHONGGUOJINGJILINGYUZUIYINRENZHUMUDECIHUI。ZI2015NIAN10YUEZHONGYANGCAIBANZHUREN、GUOJIAFAGAIWEIFUZHURENLIUHEZAIGUANGDONGKAOCHASHITANJI“GONGJICEGAIGE”KAISHI,2015NIAN11YUEZHONGYANGSICITIJI“GONGJICEGAIGE”,XIJINPINGZHUXIZAIZHONGYANGCAIJINGLINGDAOXIAOZUHUIYISHANGSHOUCITICHU“GONGJICEJIEGOUXINGGAIGE”GAINIAN;2015NIAN12YUEZHONGYANGJINGJIGONGZUOHUIYIMINGQUETICHUQUCHANNENG、QUKUCUN、QUGANGGAN、JIANGCHENGBEN、BUDUANBANDENGWUDARENWU,“GONGJICEGAIGE”JINRUSHICHANGDESHIYE,CHENGWEIGUOJIAZHANLVE,DANSHICHANGDUIQIXIAOGUOCUNZAIYIWEN;2016NIAN1YUE,RENMINRIBAOFABIAO《QIWENGONGJICEJIEGOUXINGGAIGE——QUANWEIRENSHITANDANGQIANJINGJIZENMEKANZENMEGAN》,QUANWEIJIEDUXIANGGUANZHENGCE,XIJINPINGZHUXIXIZHONGQINGDIAOYANSHIDUIGONGJICEGAIGEJINXINGLEDALIZHICHI,LIKEQIANGZONGLIZAISHANXIZHUCHIHUIYISHIBIAODALEWEIHUAJIEGUOSHENGCHANNENGZHUANGSHIDUANWANBANDEJUEXIN,ZHICI,SHICHANGDUIGONGJICEGAIGEDEFENQIYANXIAOYUNSAN,XINGSHIYIZHIYUQI。
“GONGJICEGAIGE”SHIYIZHONGXUNQIUJINGJIXINZENGZHANGXINDONGLIDEXINSILU,ZHUYAOQIANGDIAOTONGGUOTIGAOSHEHUIGONGJILAICUJINJINGJIZENGZHANG。TASHICONGGONGJI、SHENGCHANDUANRUSHOU,TONGGUOJIEFANGSHENGCHANLI、TISHENGJINGZHENGLICUJINJINGJIFAZHAN。JUTIERYAN,JIUSHIYAOQIUQINGLIJIANGSHIQIYE,TAOTAILUOHOUCHANNENG,JIANGFAZHANFANGXIANGSUODINGXINXINGLINGYU、CHUANGXINLINGYU,CHUANGZAOXINDEJINGJIZENGZHANGDIAN。ZHENGCESHOUDUANSHANG,BAOKUOJIANZHENGFANGQUAN、FANGSONGGUANZHI、JINRONGGAIGE、GUOQIGAIGE、TUDIGAIGE、TIGAOCHUANGXINNENGLIDENG,CONGGONGJICEGUANLIJIAODUKAN,BENZHISHANGDOUSHUYUTIGAOQUANYAOSUSHENGCHANLVDEFANGSHI。CHANYECENGMIAN、DIAOKONGCENGMIAN、CAISHUIZHIDUCENGMIAN、ZIBENCENGMIANDEXINBUSHU,GOULECHULE“GONGJICEGAIGE”DEZHONGDIANLINGYUHEGUIMO。XIANRAN,ZHEIXIECENGMIANDEGAIGEDOUFEIYIRIZHIGONGKEJING,ZHEIYEBIAOMING“GONGJICEGAIGE”BUSHIZHENDUIJINGJIXINGSHIDELINSHIXINGCUOSHI,ERSHIMIANXIANGQUANJUDEZHANLVEXINGBUSHU。CONGNEIHANHEZHANLVEBUSHULAIKAN,“GONGJICEGAIGE”YAOCUJINGUOSHENGCHANNENGYOUXIAOHUAJIE,CONGCHANYECENGMIANGAISHANGONGJI;YAOJIANGDICHENGBEN,CONGCAISHUIZHIDUCENGMIANGAISHANGONGJI;YAOHUAJIEFANGDICHANKUCUN,ZAIDIAOKONGCENGMIANXIAOCHUGONGJIZHIYUE;YAOFANGFANHUAJIEJINRONGFENGXIAN,ZAIZIBENCENGMIANQIANGDIAOGONGJIDEWENDINGXING。
TONGGUOZONGHEFENXI,“GONGJICEGAIGE”DUIJIANZHUYEDEYINGXIANGZHUYAOBIAOXIANZAIYIXIASIGEFANGMIAN:
生产方式方面
生产方式对建筑行业的影响是深远而显著的。在“供给侧改革”的政策背景下,建筑行业必须改变传统的劳动密集型、粗放式的生产方式,推行建筑工业化和生产经营集约化,加强多方合作,丰富合作方式和模式。
要素投入方面
YAOSUTOURUBENSHENJIUSHI“GONGJICEGAIGE”DEZHONGYAONEIRONGZHIYI,YINCI,JIANZHUYEYINGGAISHANLAODONGLIDEGONGYING、JIADACHUANGXINYAOSUDETOURU、JIAQIANGJIANZHUXINXIHUAJIANSHEDETOURU,CONGERYINGDUIJIANZHUCONGYEZHERENSHUYOUQISHIGAOZHILIANGRENCAIBUZUDEKUNJING,CUJINJIANZHUCHANYEHEJIANZHUQIYEZHUANXINGSHENGJIDESHIXIAN,XINGCHENGHULIANHUTONGDESIKUYIPINGTAI、QIYENEIBUGUANLIXINXIXITONG、BIMJISHU、HULIANWANGJISHUDENGXINXIJISHUZAIJIANZHUXINGYEDEZHENGHEYINGYONG,TISHENGJIANZHUYEDECHUANGXINNENGLIHEKEJIHANLIANG,TIGAOGEJIANZHUXIANGGUANYAOSUDELIYONGXIAOLV。
产业结构方面
CHANYEJIEGOUYEZHIJIEGUANXIDAOJIANZHUYEDEGONGJINENGLIHESHUIPING,YINCI,JIANZHUYEXUKONGZHICHANNENGGUOSHENGLEIXINGYEGONGCHENGDEZENGJIA,RUZIYUANLEIGONGYEGONGCHENGXIANGMU、FANGDICHANGONGCHENGXIANGMUDENG,DUIXIANYOUCUNLIANGYOUHUAHEXIAOHUA;JIADAMINSHENGLEIGONGCHENGHELVSE、ZHINENGLEIXINXINGJIANZHUGONGCHENGDETOUZIHEZHENGCEZHICHI,RUGONGGONGJIAOTONG、SHUILI、HUANBAO、WENTIYIJIAO、YANGLAO、BEIDONGSHIFANGWU、LVSEJIANZHU、ZHINENGFANGWUHEDAOLUDENGGONGCHENGXIANGMU。TONGSHI,YINGJIANGHULIANWANG+DESIXIANGLUODAOSHICHU,ZENGJIAGEXINGHUAJIANZHUGONGCHENGDEGONGYINGYIMANZUBUTONGRENQUNDEXUQIU,RUJIZHUANGXIANGFANGWU、BUTONGJIANZHUFENGGEGONGCHENGXIANGMUDENG。
配套措施方面
RENHEYIXIANGCUOSHIHUOBIANGEDOUXUYAOPEITAOZHIDUDEZHICHICAINENGZHENZHENGLUOSHI。WEIPEIHEJIANZHUYE“GONGJICEGAIGE”DESHISHI,XUJIASUHESHENHUAJIANZHUYEJIANZHENGFANGQUAN、CHIXUTUIJINSHICHANGHUA;JIALITUIDONGGUOYOUJIANZHUQIYEHUNHESUOYOUZHIGAIGE、ZENGQIANGGUOYOUJIANZHUQIYEDEJINGYINGHUOLI;ZHUBUTUICHUJIANSHUIZHENGCEJIANGDIJIANZHUQIYESHUIWUFUDAN;WANSHANJINRONGTIZHIGAIGEHETIXI,FENGFUJIANZHUQIYERONGZIQUDAO、JIANGDIQIRONGZICHENGBEN。
“一带一路”战略对建筑业的保驾护航
DANGQIAN,WOGUOGUONEIHUANJINGCHENGXIANCHUYIXIATEDIAN:CHANNENGGUOSHENG、WAIHUIZICHANGUOSHENG,YOUQIZIYUAN、KUANGCHANZIYUANDUIGUOWAIGAODUYILAI,GONGYEHEJICHUSHESHIJIZHONGYUYANHAI、DUIWAIBUDAJICHENGSHOULICHA,BIANJINGDIQUZHENGTIZHUANGKUANGCHUYULISHIZUIHAOSHIQI。TONGSHI,SHIJIEZHENGFASHENGFUZASHENKEDEBIANHUA,GUOJIJINRONGWEIJISHENCENGCIYINGXIANGJIXUXIANXIAN,SHIJIEJINGJIHUANMANFUSU、FAZHANFENHUA,GUOJITOUZIMAOYIGEJUHEDUOBIANTOUZIMAOYIGUIZEYUNNIANGSHENKEDIAOZHENG,GEGUOMIANLINDEFAZHANWENTIYIRANYANJUN。ZAIGUOJI、GUONEIHUANJINGDEDABEIJINGXIA,XIJINPINGZHUXIZI2013NIANZAICHUFANGZHONGYAHEDONGNANYAGUOJIAQIJIANTICHUGONGJIAN“SICHOUZHILUJINGJIDAI”HE“21SHIJIHAISHANGSICHOUZHILU”DEZHONGDACHANGYIKAISHI,YULIKEQIANGZONGLIDENGQITADANGHEGUOJIALINGDAORENGONGTONGTUIDONGHELUOSHI,SHIXIANLE“YIDAIYILU”ZHANLVEDELUODI,BINGYUXIANGGUANGUOJIAQIANSHULEGONGJIAN“YIDAIYILU”HEZUOBEIWANGLU、JINGMAOHEZUOZHONGZHANGQIFAZHANGUIHUAHEHEZUOGUIHUAGANGYAODENGWENJIAN。
JINNIANLAI,SHOUDAOBUSHENJINGQIDEJINGJIDAHUANJINGDEYINGXIANG,WOGUOJIANZHUYECHANZHIDEJUEDUIZHIHEZENGZHANGQINGKUANGDOUBUTAILEGUAN。DAN“YIDAIYILU”ZHANLVEDESHISHICHUTAIWEIGUONEIJIANZHUYEDAILAILEXINDEXIWANGHEJIYU。YIFANGMIAN,ZAIGUONEIDESHICHANGZHONG,2015NIANYOU“YIDAIYILU”HAIWAIXIANGMUJIJIANTOUZILADONGDEGUONEIJIJIANTOUZIGUIMOZAI4000YIYUANZUOYOU。LINGYIFANGMIAN,ZAIGUOWAISHICHANGZHONG,JIEZHIDAO2015NIANNIANZHONG,YIJINGLUOSHIDEKUAGUOTOUZIGUIMOYUE524YIMEIYUAN,SHANGWUBUYUJI“YIDAIYILU”ZHANLVEJIANGJIDATISHENGWOGUODAXINGJIANZHUGONGSIDEHAIWAISHOURUZHANBI。2015NIANQIAN11GEYUE,WOGUOQIYEGONGDUI“YIDAIYILU”YANXIANDE49GEGUOJIAJINXINGLEZHIJIETOUZI,TOUZIEHEJI140.1YIMEIYUAN,TONGBIZENGZHANG35.3%。TONGQI,WOGUOQIYEZAI“YIDAIYILU”YANXIANDE60GEGUOJIAXINQIANDUIWAICHENGBAOGONGCHENGXIANGMUHETONG2998FEN,XINQIANHETONGE716.3YIMEIYUAN,ZHANTONGQIWOGUODUIWAICHENGBAOGONGCHENGXINQIANHETONGEDE43.9%,TONGBIZENGZHANG11.2%。“YIDAIYILU”ZHANLVECUCHENGDEDIANXINGXIANGMUBAOKUOKENNIYAMENGNEITIELU、BAJISITANKALAQI-LAHEERGAOSUGONGLU、YINNIYAJIADA-WANLONGGAOTIEXIANGMUDENG。BANSUIGUOJIA“YIDAIYILU”ZHANLVEDETUIJIN,WOGUOJIANZHUYEGUOJIHUADEZHANLVEBUJUYEZAIJINLUOMIGUDIJINXING。
HAIWAISHICHANGDUIYUTISHENGWOGUOJIANZHUQIYEDEYEJIJUYOUZHONGYAOZUOYONG。YIYINDUDEJIANZHUSHICHANGWEILI,QIFANGDICHANSHICHANGXIANGDANGYUWOGUO90NIANDAIZUOYOU,FAZHANGANGGANGQIBU,DANYINDUDERENKOUYUNYULEJUDADESHICHANGXUQIU。MUQIANYINDUYAOJIAN100GEZHIHUIXINCHENG,XIWANGYONGGONGYEHUADEFANGSHILAIJIANZAO,ZHEIJIUWEIWOGUOJIANZHUGONGYEHUADEXIANGGUANJISHUHEBIAOZHUNTIGONGLEJUDADESHICHANG。
YOUYUGONGYEHUADEFANGSHIKEYIDALIANGDEJIESHENGRENGONG,RANGJIXIELAIWANCHENGSHENGCHANXIANSHANGDEJISHUHUO,GONGRENZHIFUZEWEIHUGONGZUO。YINCI,YENEIRENSHIRENWEI,“ZAIRENLICHENGBENGAOQIDEDANGXIA,ZHONGGUODEFANGWUJIANZHUYAOCHUKOU”,GONGGUXIANZAIYIJINGJINRUDEFEIZHOUSHICHANG、NANMEISHICHANG、DONGNANYASHICHANG,SHENZHIKAIFABEIMEI、OUZHOUDENGFADAGUOJIASHICHANG,“ZHIYOUTONGGUOJIANZHUGONGYEHUADEFANGSHI,SHIXIAN‘ERCICHUHAI’”。
建筑工业化对建筑业生产方向的引领
JIANZHUGONGYEHUASHIYIZHONGXINXINGJIANZHUFANGSHI,TAGAIBIANLECHUANTONGJIANZHUXINGYEZHONGYUANYOUDESHOUGONGZUOYE、CUFANGXINGDEJIANZHUFANGSHI,LIYONGGAOKEJIHEXINXIGONGYEHUADESHOUDUAN,ZAILIUSHUIXIANSHANGJIANHAOFANGZIDE“LINGBUJIAN”,ZAIZAIXIANCHANGJINXINGZHUANGPEI,DUITUIDONGWOGUOCHUANTONGJIANZHUXINGYEZHUANXINGSHENGJIYIYIZHONGDA。YINCI,JIANZHUGONGYEHUABEISHOUZHONGSHI。JINNIANYILAI,WOGUO“SHISANWUGUIHUAJIANYI”ZHONGZHONGDIANTICHUYAOTUIGUANG“JIANZHUGONGYEHUA”;ZAIBUJIUQIANJIESHUDEZHONGYANGCHENGSHIGONGZUOHUIYISHANG,XIJINPINGZHUXIQIANGDIAOYAO“JIANLIJIANQUANJINGJI、SHIYONG、HUANBAO、JIEYUEZIYUAN、ANQUANDEZHUFANGBIAOZHUNTIXI”,ZHUBUJIEJUEZHONGGUO“CHENGSHIBING”WENTI;《GUOJIAXINXINGCHENGZHENHUAGUIHUA(2014-2020NIAN)》ZHONG,TICHUYAOQIANGLITUIJINJIANZHUGONGYEHUA,BINGJIANG“JIJITUIJINJIANZHUGONGYEHUA、BIAOZHUNHUA,TIGAOZHUZHAIGONGYEHUABILI”ZUOWEIJIANSHEZHONGDIANZHIYI。
ZAIGONGJICEGAIGEDUIJIANZHUYEDESIGEFANGMIANDEYINGXIANGZHONG,JIANZHUSHENGCHANFANGSHIDEYINGXIANGYINGSHIZUIGENBENHEZUIGUANGFANDE。QIZHONG,JIANZHUGONGYEHUAYOUYINGGAISHIZUIWEIZHONGYAODEBUFEN。YINWEIJIANZHUGONGYEHUADETUIXINGHEYINGYONGNENGGOUTIGAOSHENGCHANXIAOLV,TONGSHIYOUZHUYUMOSHUHUAHEBIAOZHUNHUA;ZHENGHEJIANZHUYEHEJIANZHUQIYEDEZIYUAN,JIANGJIANZHUXINGYEZHENGTIZIYUANDEZUOYONGZUIDAHUA,SHIXIANDUOFANGGONGYING;TONGGUOBIAOZHUNHUAHEJIZHONGDESHENGCHANFANGSHI,JIANSHAOCAILIAOSUNHAOHEDUIHUANJINGDEWURAN;TIGAOJIANZHUCHANYELIANDEYUNYINGXIAOLV,BINGJIANGDIJIANZHUQIYEDEYUNYINGCHENGBEN。
DUOZHONGZHENGCELIHAOWUYIBIAOZHIZHEJIANZHUXINGYEZHEIYIJUWUBAXINGYEDEZHUANXINGSHENGJILAKAIXUMU,JIANZHUGONGYEHUAZHENGYINGJIEFENGKOU。YUCHUANTONGJIANZHUSHOUDUANXIANGBI,JIANZHUGONGYEHUADESHENGCHANFANGSHIZAIGONGQI、CHANPINZHILIANG、ANQUANXINGNENGHEJIENENGHUANBAOXIAOLVDENGFANGMIANDOUYOUZHEFEICHANGMINGXIANDEYOUSHI。
YI100PINGMIDEJIANZHUWEILI,CAIYONGJIANZHUGONGYEHUADESHIGONGGONGQIJINWEI300TIAN,JI10GEYUEDAO12GEYUEJIUKEWANCHENGCONGLINGDAOJINGZHUANGXIUJIAOFANG,BICHUANTONGDESHIGONGFANGSHIYUEJIESHENG30%ZUOYOUDEGONGQI。RUGUOSHIJIANZAOBIESHU,CONGKAISHISHIGONGDAOWANGONGKONGZHIZAI15TIANNEI,ERCHUANTONGDEFANGSHIDAGAISHI6DAO8GEYUEZUOYOU。
ZAIJIENENGFANGMIANDEYOUSHIZEGENGJIAMINGXIAN。ZAIHANLENGDEBEIFANGDIQU,FANGWURUGUOZAIWAIQIANGZUOBAOWENCENG,ZAIFANGHUOJISHUFANGMIANJIUJIAONANDADAOYAOQIU,ERRUZAINEIQIANGZUOBAOWENCENGYOUHUIZHANYONGJIAODUODESHINEIKONGJIAN。TONGGUOJIANZHUGONGYEHUASHOUDUAN,JIANGBAOWENCENGZUODAOQIANGTIZHONGJIAN,JIANGULEFANGHUOANQUANHEJIESHENGKONGJIANDEWENTI,BICHUANTONGJIANZHUDAGAIYAOTIGAO40%-50%ZUOYOUDEJIENENGXIAOLV。
ANQUANXINGNENGFANGMIAN,SHOUXIAN,JIANZHUXINGYEYOUFEICHANGYANGEDECHANPINSHEJI、JIANCHAHEYANSHOUBIAOZHUN,CONGTUZHISHENHEJIEDUANKAISHI,JIUBIXUFUHEGUOJIABIAOZHUN。CHUANTONGJIANZHUXINGYEZHISUOYIHUIBAOCHUYIXIEJIANZAOZHILIANGDEWENTI,SHIYINWEIZAISHIGONGDEGUOCHENGZHONGFASHENGLETOUGONGJIANLIAO、BUANZHAOJIDINGBIAOZHUNZHIXINGDEQINGKUANG。ERGONGYEHUADEFANGSHIZEWANQUANDUJUELEZHEIZHONGKENENGXING。YINWEISHENGCHANXIANDEJIQISHIYANGEANZHAOTUZHIDECANSHUJINXINGSHENGCHANZHIZAO,ERQIEMEIYIJIANJIANZHUCHANPINDESHENGCHANLAIYUANDOUSHIKEZHUISUDE,ZHEIXIETEDIANDOUQUEBAOLEGONGYEHUADEJIANZHUSHOUDUANBICHUANTONGDEJIANZHUYEYAOGENGWENDING、GENGBIAOZHUN、GENGANQUAN。
ZHANZAIGUOJIACENGMIANSHANG,JIANZHUGONGYEHUADEYOUSHITONGYANGZHENFENRENXIN:SHIGONGZHOUQIJINWEICHUANTONGFANGSHIDE2/3,YONGGONGLIANGYEDADAJIANSHAO,SHIGONGXIANCHANGWUFENCHEN、ZAOYIN、WUSHUIDENGWURAN,KEJIESHUI80%、JIENENG70%、JIECAI20%,ERQIEJIEJUELEBAOWEN、FANGSHUIKANGSHEN、BUGEYINDENGJIANZHUTONGBING。ZAIGUOJIADALITICHANGZHUANXINGSHENGJIDEJINTIAN,JIANZHUGONGYEHUAYIJINGSHISHIZAIBIXING。
TONGSHI,YOUYUSHIXIANLEJIANZHUGONGYEHUASHENGCHANFANGSHIDEJIANZHUQIYEZAIBENZHISHANGYIJINGSHIGAOKEJIQIYE,JIANZHUGONGYEHUABUDANWEINONGMINGONGTIGONGLEYIGEGONGZUOGANGWEI,GENGZHONGYAODESHIWEITAMENTIGONGLEYIGE“SHIMINBAOZHANG”。ZAIGAOKEJIZHIZAOQIYELI,TAMENKEYIZHUANHUAWEIZHIYEJISHUGONGREN,SHENZHIGENGGAOCENGCIDEJISHURENCAI,ZHIYESHENGYAFASHENGLEHENDAGAIBIAN,ZISHENJIAZHIYEDEDAOLEZUIDAHUASHIXIAN。ERXINXINGCHENGZHENHUADEZHONGDIANFAZHANFANGXIANGSHIZHINENG、LVSEHEDITAN,SUOYI,XINXINGCHENGZHENHUAHUHUANLVSE、ZHINENGHEYIJUDEJIANZHUCHANPIN,TAYAOQIUJIANZHUCHANYEGAIBIANGAOXIAOHAO、GAOTOURU、DISHOUYIDEXIANZHUANG,YINCI,JIANZHUGONGYEHUAKEYIHEXINXINGCHENGZHENHUAHUXIANGCUJIN,HUXIANGCHENGJIU。